GAJRC | Global Academic Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences

Journal Name:	Global Academic Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences
Abbr. Title:	Glob Acad J Agri Biosci
ISSN(Print):	2706-8978
ISSN(Online):	2707-2568
Frequency:	Bi-Monthly
Language:	English
Chief Editor:	Dr. Abdul Wali A. Al Khulaidi
Publisher:	Scholars Middle East Publishers
Country of Origin:	United Arab Emirates

Journal Name:

Global Academic Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences

Abbr. Title:

Glob Acad J Agri Biosci

ISSN(Print):

2706-8978

ISSN(Online):

2707-2568

Frequency:

Bi-Monthly

Language:

English

Chief Editor:

Dr. Abdul Wali A. Al Khulaidi

Publisher:

Scholars Middle East Publishers

Country of Origin:

United Arab Emirates

Nov. 14, 2023

Survey of Hausa Traditional Fish Fence Usage in Zamfara, North-West Nigeria

Musa Fadama Gummi
Glob Acad J Agri Biosci, 2023; 5(5): 125-132
DOI : 10.36348/gajab.2023.v05i05.003

Plant physiology is the science which is connected to the material and energy exchange, growth and development, as well as movement of plant. The field of crop physiology includes the study of all the internal activities of crop plants, which are studied at many levels in the scale of size and time. Physiological study in horticultural crops like other crops, involves the basic and practically useful studies on processes such as water and nutrients in plant, nutrient supply of plants, production of primary and secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, evapo-transpiration, plant stress physiology, growth and development responsible for crop production with the techniques to quantify and optimization of these processes for final economic yield production. The production of horticultural crops can be characterized as an open and highly complex system affected by climate, soil, cropping system and interactions between these factors. Plant growth and development are directly and indirectly influenced by environmental factors, in order to obtain a successful production it is essential to understand clearly how these factors affect plant physiology. This paper review the studies related with the major environmental factors and their physiological effect on production of horticultural crops.

Sweet potato has an excellent nutritional content and beneficial to farmers operating in drought-stressed areas. However, drought induces a number of morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations in sweet potatoes, which can have a detrimental effect on their agronomic and economic output. For example, drought reduces root output, branching, leaf area index, stem height and length, stomatal closure, leaf size, and photosynthesis. Furthermore, it causes oxidative stress, which results in the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are harmful to plants. Plants employ many signaling pathways to respond to water stress by modifying their growth patterns, activating antioxidants, accumulating suitable solutes and chaperones, and making stress proteins. These physiological, metabolic, and genetic modifications can be served as the best indicators for choosing drought-tolerant genotypes. Assessing of the physiological and biochemical features of certain varieties is important for the implementation of drought resistance measures. Adapted genotypes can be selected and improved for particular growing conditions by using suitable tools and drought tolerance-related selection criteria. By regulating genetics in this way, the improvement of drought-resistant varieties may become cost-effective for smallholder farmers.

Hausa land is blessed with abundant water bodies in the forms of rivers, natural and man-made lakes, and ponds. These water bodies are teeming with freshwater fish. The availability of these fishery resources has led to the habitation of people whose main occupation is harnessing these resources in Hausa land. These people are professionally known as the Sarkawa. The Sarkawa's primary occupation is fishing and hunting aquatic animals that inhabit the waters. The practice of traditional healing is not alien to the Hausa people. It is an old practice that was used even before the Hausa people came into contact with foreign civilizations from the east or the west. In Hausa society, practitioners of various traditional occupations play a pivotal role in the traditional healthcare delivery system. They often resort to the use of herbs, such as roots, bark, stems, and leaves, as some of the ingredients in their remedies. Parts of animals are also used for the treatment of ailments and diseases. Fish and fishery products also form part of the ingredients used in Hausa traditional healing. This paper, therefore, seeks to explore the uses of fish in Hausa's traditional healing practices. Through a survey, different practitioners of traditional healing were sampled and interviewed to obtain information from them regarding the usage of fish as medicine or as an ingredient in the treatment of various ailments. This paper has revealed that Hausa professional fishermen are knowledgeable in the use of fish as medicine for the cure of diseases and ailments that afflict human beings. They also offer their health services to those who seek their assistance.

Sept. 29, 2023

Description and Evaluation of the Present Resource Use, Management Practices, and Socio-Economic Conditions in the Medo Watershed, Central Rift Valley Area of Ethiopia

Kedir Jemal, Muleta Gadisa, Guta Bukaro
Glob Acad J Agri Biosci, 2023; 5(4): 86-99
DOI : 10.36348/gajab.2023.v05i04.004

Characterizing the socio-economic systems in integrated watersheds is to identify and prioritize production constraints for designing appropriate R&D interventions. The random sampling method was used to select 81 households, and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Formal and informal surveys were conducted to gather information about the socioeconomic and institutional issues. Descriptive statistics and diversity indices were used for data analysis. According to the results of the study, agriculture is the largest source of income in the study areas, followed by off-farm activities such as daily labor, handcraft and pension. The dominant crops grown in the watershed are maize, teff, and haricot bean, respectively. Livestock rearing is also the major means of livelihood in the study area. About 37%, 19% and 17% of the farmers owned cows, sheep and goat, respectively, in the Edo watershed. The watershed is characterized by a dynamic farming system. For instance, about 63% and 32% in the introduction of new varieties and declining in soil fertility changes over the last decade were recorded, respectively. About 58% of the households indicated that there has been a decreasing and irregularity in rainfall, while 20% of the households reacted that there is the emergence of animal and plant diseases, increasing temperature, and decrease in river flow and springs over the last 10 years in the watershed. The baseline study also identified that water erosion, deforestation, and over-tillage are the major causes of the degradation of natural resources in the watershed. In general, this study concludes that land degradation and biodiversity loss are serious concerns in the watershed. Awareness creation and strengthening capacity of rural communities on integrating crops, livestock, and natural resource management technologies for effective soil and water conservation measures should be enhanced for sustainable livelihood improvement.