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Research on access to finance of large enterprises has been flourishing in the finance literature while studies relating to small and medium size enterprises have been less common in Sub-Saharan African countries specifically. In this research we investigate the link between some entrepreneurs’ characteristics (experience, gender and perception of entrepreneur) and Cameroonian SMEs access to credit. This study used the World Bank Enterprises Survey data from 324 Cameroonian SMEs. From descriptive analysis and Independence sample T-test, we found that gender is relevant to explain SMEs’ access to credit. Program policies aimed at SMEs’ entrepreneurs must encourage female entrepreneurs to diversify their financial resources through external formal financial resources.

Background: Socio-emotional behavior problem is a serious health problem among pre-school children in the world. Bangladesh is no exception of this. Socio-emotional behavior problem has significantly negative impact at individual, familial and society level. There is a dearth of study regarding socio-emotional behavior among preschool children in Bangladesh. As a consequence, this study attempted to explore the status of socio-emotional behavior among preschool children in Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 132 mothers having pre-school going children in the two selected schools in Bagherhat district, Bangladesh. Face to face interview was conducted for data collection by using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using Pearson product correlation, t-test and ANOVA. Results: The findings showed that the average mean of socio-emotional behavior of preschool children was 1.25. The results presented significant positive correlation of child's socio-emotional behavior with mother's age (r= .188, p=0.030), family income (r=.225, p=0.009) and number of siblings (r=.179, p=0.039) respectively. On the other hand, a significant difference of child's socio-emotional behavior with mother’s educational level (F=3.201, p=0.044), mother’s occupation (F=2.792, p=0.043), and sex of the child (t= -2.481, p=0.014) was observed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that preschool children have socio-emotional behavioral problems. Socio-emotional behavior was also significantly associated with demographic characteristics.

Background: According to the recent World Health Organization (WHO), renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) that primarily affect adults and 2.2% of all new malignancies and 1.8% of all cancer deaths. Majority of the cases, the diagnosis of RCCs and its subtype can be based on histomorphological evaluation. Accurate pathological classification along with staging and grading of the tumor are necessary for prognosis and various therapeutic options. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective observational study. This study conducted in histopathology department of the Center for Kidney Disease & urology (CKD & Urology) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was eight month from February 2021 to September 2021. The specimens were both partial and total nephrectomy sample of more than 38 years of aged patients. Results: Total 62 nephrectomy specimens were received. Fifty seven (57) cases were malignant tumor and five cases were benign lesions. Majority of malignant tumor consisting of clear cell type renal cell carcinoma 37 (64.91%), followed by papillary type 12 (21.05%), Chromophobe (8.77%), two cases (3.5%) were sarcomatoid cell type and one case (1.75%) of Multiloculated Cystic Renal Neoplasm was noted. Renal cell carcinoma was seen in age range of 38 to 78years with 32 (56.14%) patients more than 50 years of age. Total 42 (73.68%) cases were ISUP Grade 1 and 2 and majority cases were (66.66%) presented at AJCC stage (pT2). Conclusion: In conclusion we observed significant increased clear cell type renal cancer in our institution based population. There was similar male to female ratio, mean tumor size as well as Grade 1, 2 and Stage pT 2 as compared to other studies.

Background: Surgery and anesthesia are safer nowadays than ever before, thanks to persevering with advances in science. But this doesn’t suggest there is zero risk. In fact, surgical treatment and anesthesia are inherently dangerous, and as with any medicine or procedure, there is constantly the chance that something can go wrong. Certain patients are greater probably to experience problems or issues and perchance even death than others due to the fact of their age, clinical conditions, or the kind of surgical treatment they’re having. If you’re planning to have surgery, there are approaches to decrease your risk, including meeting with your anesthesiologist. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the Evaluation of risk factors in the post-anesthesia care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s department of anesthesiology, Monno Medical College and Hospital, Manikgonj, Bangladesh. The duration of the study period from July 2020 to June 2021. Results: This study shows that the according to age of 110 Patients aged 10 to 60 years. Here according to Age distribution, 11(10.0%) were <10, 5(4.54%) were 11 20, 21(19.09%) were 21-30, 22(20.0%) were 31-40, 37(33.64%) were 41-50, 8(7.27%) were 51- 60 and 6(5.45%) were >60. And according to gender 57(51.82%) were Male, 53(48.18%) were Female. Conclusions: Perioperative cardiovascular and respiratory damaging activities are the principal motives for extended remain in Post anesthesia care unit. Post anesthesia care unit as triggering elements for problems in the instant postoperative period: hypothermia, hypoxemia, pulmonary edema; apnea, tremors, nausea and vomiting; urinary retention, modifications in coronary heart rhythm.

The focused of this study was human resource planning and organizational effectiveness (a study of deposit money banks in Port Harcourt). The study's goal was to determine how much human resource planning impacts an organization's effectiveness. The study specifically examines the effect of manpower forecasting and employee audit on managerial competence and attainment of objective of selected money deposit banks in Port Harcourt. The secondary source of data collection was adopted since it was more of theoretical review and opinion based. Hence, the information was sourced from journals, article, internet, textbooks etc. The study findings revealed that manpower forecasting has effect on manager’s competence in deposit money banks in Port Harcourt; and there is a relationship between employee audit and attainment of objective in deposit money banks in Port Harcourt. The study comes to the conclusion that a well-planned human resource strategy can help institutions, particularly deposit money banks in Port Harcourt and have qualified employees who are doing the right thing at the right time and in the right place, thereby enhancing or promoting the organization's operational effectiveness. According to the study's findings and recommendations, deposit money banks and their human resource managers should regularly conduct manpower audits and planning to ascertain in advance the demand and supply situation in the labour market prior to hiring employees.