Introduction: The skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system in human. Dermatological lesions are commonly encountered in all countries and it encompasses a wide spectrum, varies from country to country and various regions within a country. Skin diseases are much common in developing countries. The spectrum varies according to geographic distribution, gender, age, and coexisting disorder. We conducted this study to find out the prevalence of different skin lesions and to evaluate their frequency and site of distribution. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of different skin lesions and to evaluate their frequency and site of distribution. Methods: This was a descriptive study and was conducted in the Department of Histopathology of Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2021.We included 133 skin biopsies in our study. Result: Among 133 skin biopsies examined, non-infectious vesicobullous and vesicopustular disease were found in 53 (48.18%) cases followed by microbial disease in 20 (18.18%) and non-infectious erythematous papular and squamous disease in 28 (21.05%) cases. Lichen simplex chronicus was the most common vesicobullous disease seen in 08 (15.09%) cases. Dermatophytes were the commonest microbial disease found in 10 (50%) cases. The commonest non- infectious erythematous papular and squamous disease was lichen planus and psoriasis 08 (15.09%) cases. The commonest neoplastic lesion was keratinocytic tumor seen in 13 (56.53%) cases. The commonest tumor of the skin was seborrheic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma in 13 (56.53 %) cases. Upper extremities were the most frequently involved site by skin lesions. Conclusion: In our study prevalence of lichen simplex chronicus was higher. We observed a wide spectrum of skin lesions ranging from dermatitis to malignant neoplasm. The importance of specific histomorphological features lies in distinguishing various skin lesions and play a major role in making the final diagnosis of these diverse skin lesions. This highlights the role of histopathological examination for the proper management of patient.

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children is a common, yet challenging, relapsing, and remitting renal disorder and exhibits a heterogeneous clinical phenotype ranging from a single episode, infrequently relapsing, frequently relapsing to steroid-resistant disease. Although 80% of these children are corticosteroid responsive, nearly half of them demonstrate a frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent course, often resulting in multiple complications, hospitalizations, or even chronic renal failure. Objective: To assess the quality of life in patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional, comparative, questionnaire-based study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh July to December 2022. The cases included children with MCD, attending the pediatric nephrology unit and outpatient clinic of nephrology unit. 100 children were selected then they were randomly subdivided into 2 groups, group 1 included 50 known cases of MCD aged 2–18 years and group 2 included 50 age matched children attending the general pediatric outpatient clinic and other pediatric subspecialty clinics. We distributed two questionnaires to 32 outpatients with MCNS. We also used the Self-Care Behavior Scale for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which consists of 31 questions with 4 subscales. Results: Total of one hundred studied nephrotic patients with MCD and an equal number of controls with other chronic diseases aged 2.2–15 year and 3.5–13 years, respectively, were included in the study. Table 1 illustrated the demographic details of the studied cases and controls. Among children with MCD, 32% had first attack or infrequently relapsing variant while 68% had difficult to treat clinical phenotypes (frequently relapsing, steroid– dependent and steroid-resistant varieties). The SF-36v2 social functioning subscale was most impaired and bodily pain was least affected in patients with MCNS. The self-care subscales of information/communication and positive behavior had positive correlations with the QOL subscales of mental health (𝑃 < 0.05) and vitality (p<0.05). The correlation between social functioning and information/communication was close to significant (𝑃 = 0.051). Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that patients with MCNS have lower QOL based on low social functioning and that QOL is related to the positive behavior and thoughts of the patients. These results also show that healthcare professionals should be conscious of the QOL of children with MCNS.

Peritoneal pseudomyxoma, also called gelatinous disease of the peritoneum is a rare entity that corresponds to diffuse peritoneal infiltration, consisting of mucinous ascites and multifocal mucinous epithelial implants. Its prevalence is 2 cases per million populations [1]. Peritoneal pseudomyxoma may remain asymptomatic, discovered during laparotomy. CT scans are the most specific diagnostic tool. The appendicular origin of gelatinous ascites is the most common and represents 90% of causes. Mucinous tumours of the ovary are a very rare cause. We report the case of a 55- year-old woman with a peritoneal pseudomyxoma of ovarian origin [2].

This study considers the health complications that can be caused by the use of cosmetic products, depending on the substances present in them. For a more complete understanding of the problems that can be caused on human skin, and health in general, the substances that may be found in a number of cosmetic products precedes. Finally, some concerns of the international community regarding the safe use of cosmetic products by consumers are listed, as well as some corresponding measures taken by national and supranational authorities.

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse refers to protrusion of the pelvic organ into or out of the vaginal canal. In Bangladesh, 15.6% women suffered from pelvic organ prolapse and more than 11% of women require surgical correction of prolapse in their lifetimes. The pelvic floor is a unique part of the body and the function of which is dependent on interrelationship between muscle, nerve, connective tissue and bone. Pelvic organ prolapses results when these relationships are disrupted or there is weakness. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse. Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study, done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) to investigate the level of vitamin D in patients with and without pelvic organ prolapse to explore the association of vitamin D with pelvic organ prolapse. After taking informed written consent the serum vitamin D level of all participants was measured by CMIA technology with flexible assay protocols at Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department of the same institute. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using window-based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24). Results: The study population was divided into two groups, a case group (n=74) consisting of patients with pelvic organ prolapse and a control group (n=74) comprising of women without pelvic organ prolapse. A total 148 participants of 52 years or older attending the out or inpatient department were enrolled in the study. Mean±SD level of Vitamin D in the case group was 13.96±5.18 ng/ml and in the control, group was 21.08±5.77 ng/ml respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, the vitamin D levels were inversely proportionate with the severity of pelvic organ prolapse. Conclusion: It can be concluded that women having low level of vitamin D have more chance of developing pelvic organ prolapse.

Introduction: Dengue epidemics are known to have occurred over the last three centuries in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that approximately 2.5 billion people living in dengue-endemic countries. Objective: To assess the various factors in pediatric to severe dengue infection-A Retrospective study. Methods: A hospital-based Retrospective study was conducted at Emergency, Observation and Referral Unit, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2021. Number of patients included in the study was 52. In children with high degree clinical suspicion of Dengue infection NS 1 antigen (who came within first 48 hours of fever) and/or Dengue Antibody IgM, IgG (who came after five days of fever) were performed. Results: The study was enrolled 102 patients of suspected dengue fever of whom 52 (50.98%) were serologically confirmed to have dengue infection. 29 (55.8%) patients were males and 23 (44.2%) were females. 38 (37.25%) patients had classic dengue fever while 12 (11.76%) fulfilled the criteria of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Of those patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever, 6 patients had developed dengue shock syndrome. Most of dengue cases occurred during the month of June to September depicts the role of rainy season on clustering of cases. Maximum number of cases 52 cases (68.49%) was in the children age groups. All cases and is the most common symptom followed by headache, myalgia, vomiting etc. Hemorrhagic manifestations were seen that included petechiae, ecchymosis, gum bleeding, hematuria, malena, hematemesis and epistaxis. Most common complications were hepatic dysfunction, renal failure, multi organ failure, encephalopathy and ARDS. Conclusion: Dengue is one amongst the key causes of dedifferentiated fever. It presents as an extremely broad wellness and is hardly recognized as a clinical entity by primary health care physicians. This study support additional studies on applying intervention measures to boost the diagnostic accuracy and exactness at the first tending level in dandy fever endemic regions.

The Sister Marie-Joseph nodule (SMJ) is an umbilical cutaneous metastasis of a cancer of the gastrointestinal tract or of the gynecological sphere [1]. Stomach and colon are the common gastrointestinal cancers associated with the SMJ nodule. The pancreas is a rare primary site of umbilical metastasis [1]. In pancreatic cancer, the Sister Mary Joseph nodule is a sign of advanced disease associated with a poor prognosis [2].