The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI based on large language models, has transformed the contemporary writing landscape, including creative writing. This technology supports idea generation, refines language, produces initial drafts, and accelerates content creation. However, its increasing use raises concerns regarding originality, authorship, ethical responsibility, and the future of human creativity (Gero et al., 2023; Begum, 2025). This study examines perceptions of AI use in creative writing, focusing on three dimensions: originality, ethical awareness, and future implications among respondents in Malaysia. A quantitative research design was employed using an online survey involving 51 respondents, including students, educators, writers, literary practitioners, and members of the public. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and mean score. The findings indicate that most respondents perceive AI positively as a support tool rather than a replacement for human writers. AI is seen as enhancing efficiency, facilitating idea generation, and expanding access to creative writing. However, respondents expressed moderate concern regarding the originality of AI-assisted works, particularly in relation to emotional depth and authorial voice. They also emphasised the need for ethical guidelines concerning AI usage, copyright, and authorship responsibility. The study concludes that while AI is increasingly accepted as a valuable tool, human creativity, authenticity, and ethical governance remain essential for the balanced development of creative writing.
Tameh Kilian Gifui, Nelson Akeh Temesas
Glob Acad J Linguist Lit; 2026, 8(2): 45-53
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajll.2026.v08i02.002
Corruption in Cameroon has been widely studied from political and economic perspectives, yet its linguistic dimension remains underexplored. This study examines how bribery is pragmatically enacted and discursively normalised in everyday institutional interactions in Yaounde. Grounded in Speech Act Theory as proposed by J. L. Austin and further developed by John Searle, and informed by Critical Discourse Analysis in the tradition of Teun A. van Dijk, the research analyses data collected from 200 participants, including transport operators and public service users. The findings reveal that corruption is primarily performed through indirect speech acts, euphemistic substitutions, metaphorical framing, and code-switching. Expressions such as “On fait comment?” and “Il faut huiler” operate as implicit directives whose intended meaning relies on shared socio-cultural knowledge. The study argues that corruption in Cameroon functions not only as an economic transaction but also as a routinised communicative practice. Effective anti-corruption strategies must therefore incorporate linguistic and discursive interventions.
This article aims to show the relationship between the plays of O’Neill and his European counterpart, Aeschylus as a result of globalisation. O’Neill subscribes to Greek mythology but modifies or transforms it in the American scenario. Our study of Mourning Becomes Electra and The Oresteia have considered the way meanings are constructed by a network of cultural and social discourses which embody distinct codes, expectations and assumptions. Besides, the thematic and linguistic similarities and differences between the works of the European and that of the American author selected have enabled the researcher to have an insight into literary influences and affinities. This article has demonstrated that there is no end in the making of texts, as O’Neill has revisited classical literature to write his play, Mourning Becomes Electra. This shows aspects of multiculturalism as central issues experienced in Greek are equally experienced in the USA. This paper argues that there is a global undertone in the works of O’Neill and Aeschylus as they show aspects of intertextuality as a result of classical Greek influence. O’Neill alludes to Aeschylus’s Greek mythological form of play writing but transforms it into the American scenario, through American Realism. To analyse these plays, we are going to use postmodernism and structuralism. The paper concludes that, although O’Neill subscribes to Greek mythology, he deviates from European playwrights of this dramatic convention. His work has aspects of American Realism, and he is equally a social critic who writes about the ills that plague his society, in order to create awareness in his countrymen. The paper also shows that there is no end in the making of texts, irrespective of where we find ourselves.
Folefack Elizabeth Atemlefack
Glob Acad J Linguist Lit; 2026, 8(1): 24-37
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajll.2026.v08i01.003
Every human society has a controlling mechanism that guides its members into behaviours that conform to the standards that the society has set for itself. This means that the legal system is crucial in the functioning of society, and postcolonial societies are no exception. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to analyse the legal system and philosophy in the imaginary postcolonial state in the Free Republic of Aburiria in Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The Wizard of the Crow and to interrogate the extent to which it can defend and safeguard the freedom of the masses. Using Critical Legal Studies as a theoretical foundation, this paper defends the standpoint that the legal system in the postcolonial fictional state in Ngugi’s novel cannot guarantee the freedom of the masses because it has been crafted to protect the leaders and their cronies and prolong their stay at the helm of political power.
Ngantu Judith Go’oh epse Kome
Glob Acad J Linguist Lit; 2026, 8(1):16-23
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajll.2026.v08i01.002
The intersection of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy and Oodgeroo Noonuccal’s Indigenous poetics, focusing on conceptions of nature and selfhood is the centre of this paper. While emerging from radically distinct historical, cultural, and epistemological contexts, both authors foreground the ethical and transformative potential of human engagement with the natural world. Emerson’s essays “Nature” (1836) and “Self-Reliance” (1841) articulate a vision of individual autonomy, moral self-cultivation, and spiritual insight, positioning nature as symbolic of universal truths. Oodgeroo’s poetry, particularly We Are Going (1964), situates selfhood relationally, embedding it within land, community, and historical memory, and often addressing ecological and cultural disruption. This article employs a comparative, qualitative methodology integrating hermeneutic close reading, ecocriticism, and postcolonial theory to analyse convergences and divergences in their representations of nature and selfhood. Key points of convergence include resistance to materialist reductionism, critique of institutional authority, and valorisations of experiential engagement with nature, while divergences emerge in conceptions of individual versus collective selfhood, historical consciousness, and political engagement. By reconciling these elements, the study demonstrates that Emerson’s Universalist idealism and Oodgeroo’s culturally specific poetics mutually illuminate the ethical stakes of human–nature relationships. The analysis underscores the need for pluralistic frameworks in literary and ecological scholarship, showing that moral and philosophical reflection on the self and environment must negotiate both abstract principles and historical realities. Ultimately, this study contributes to cross-cultural literary discourse by situating Indigenous poetics alongside canonical Transcendentalist thought, revealing the ethical and epistemological richness of their comparative reading.
Balazs Huszka, Indah Aini, Hajah Zurinah Haji Ya'akub, Rabi’atul Adawiyyah Haji Hassan, Siti Rabiatul Adawiah Jaffar
Glob Acad J Linguist Lit; 2026, 8(1):1-15
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajll.2026.v08i01.001
This article presents a contrastive, theory-led analysis of politeness strategies in the baku (high standard) registers of Malay and Indonesian, focusing explicitly on normative expectations: how politeness is conventionally expected to be realised in formal interaction, rather than how it may be variably enacted in everyday usage. The discussion is grounded in established pragmatic approaches to politeness, while also attending to culturally salient concepts such as face, honour, and shame as organising principles of interaction. In both languages, politeness in the standard register is closely associated with mitigation in face-threatening acts, particularly requests, directives, refusals, and apologies, where speakers are expected to minimise imposition and preserve interlocutors’ autonomy. In standard Malay, politeness norms strongly favour indirectness, hierarchy-sensitive address practices, and conflict-avoidant strategies, especially in situations involving refusal or disagreement. Indonesian politeness in formal domains likewise foregrounds mitigation, but typically allows for comparatively greater explicitness, provided that respect and procedural clarity are maintained through appropriate linguistic devices. The article concludes by translating these contrastive insights into pedagogical considerations for tertiary-level instruction in Indonesian and Malay as foreign languages. It argues that politeness should be treated as a central component of communicative competence and cultural literacy, and that explicit instruction in normative politeness strategies can significantly enhance learners’ ability to navigate formal interaction in Malay- and Indonesian-speaking contexts.
Ahmed Ibrahim, Dr. Salihu Zubairu Mustapha
Glob Acad J Linguist Lit; 2025, 7(6): 165-178
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajll.2025.v07i06.002
This study has examined the ‘urban infrastructural development in Birnin Kebbi town, 1960-1991’. The study discussed both social and economic infrastructure in Birnin Kebbi town, to fill the inherent gaps left by previous scholars of urban history. It’s evident that, demographic and spatial expansion of Birnin Kebbi town during the period of study was largely due to government bias policies on developmental projects allocated to administrative centers in Nigeria, such as Birnin Kebbi town. The environmental factors, Local Government Reform of 1976, State creation, and natural population growth, among others, contributed greatly to infrastructural development in the town. The urbanization of Birnin Kebbi town is largely owed to government influence through developmental projects, such as the emergence of new wards, employment opportunities, among others. Methodologically, the study largely relies on the synthesis of primary and secondary sources of historical data collection and interpretation, which includes oral interviews, government documents, as well as textbooks and journals.
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Ecole Superieur De Mangement Tlemcen, ESM, Tlemcen, Algeria Email: boukhatem.nadera@yahoo.fr
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Assistant Professor in English PVKN Government College(Autonomous) CHITTOOR-517002 (AP), India Email: smdshafiulla567@gmail.com
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Information Scientist Central Library Gurukul Kangri University Haridwar 249404 Uttarakhand, India Email: akvishvakarma@rediffmail.com
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Senior Lecturer of Linguistics, Department of Linguistics, Literature and Culture, Maasai Mara University, Kenya Email: bkodak@mmarau.ac.ke
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Postgraduate, Department Of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Arts And Islamic Studies, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria E-mail: zayyanualtine@gmail.com
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Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Shariah and Law (for English Language and Law Subjects, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Email: sohailamjad09@gmail.com
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Department Of Languages And Cultures, Federal University Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria Email: abuubaidasani5@gmail.com
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