Background: The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) which is vice versa with equipercentile linking are the most frequently used observer-rated and self-report scales of depression, respectively. It is important to know what a given total score or a change score from baseline on one scale means in relation to the other scale. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the depression symptoms rating scale of Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI-II) verses Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) among patients of Cancer Center of Combined Military Hospital Dhaka. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 150 samples were selected by convenient sampling technique. The patients were studied after histopathological confirmation of diagnosis of cancer. Socio-demographic and other data were collected by face-to-face interview using semi structured questionnaire. The BDI-II and HAM-A was used to screen out the patients with depression and anxiety. The diagnosis was confirmed by a psychiatrist using DSM-5 criteria. Data analysis was done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0 and results were presented with appropriate graphs and texts. Results: The mean age was 46.5±9.5 years. 65.3% were male and 34.7% respondents were female. Male: female ratio 1.9:1. 40.7% patients had moderate depression symptom followed by 30.0% had mild depression symptom, 17.3% patients had severe depression symptom and 12.0% patients had minimum depression symptom that can be considered as no depression. The overall mean score of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was 22.1±8.4 with range 5 to 45. Regarding anxiety of cancer patients, 45.3% patients had moderate to severe anxiety symptom followed by 29.3% patients had mild to moderate anxiety symptom, 25.3% patients had minimum anxiety symptom that can be considered as no anxiety symptom. The overall mean score of Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) was 21.6±6.7 with range 7 to 30. Comparatively most of the patients of 31-40 age groups had severe depression level symptoms and among above 50-60 year’s patients had the most severe anxiety symptoms. According to BD-II and HAM-A rating scale, among stage 4 patients 43.8% had severe depression symptom and 87.5% had severe anxiety symptom. Conclusion: Study shows that according to the rating scales both depression and anxiety symptoms are significantly higher in cancer patients. Moreover, frequency and severity of depression and anxiety symptom is much more significantly raised among older age group specially stage 4 cancer patients. Compared with both rating scales the depression level had also shown in 31-40 age groups.

Hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus. It is one of the most common major gynecological operations performed each year in every country of the world. About 3.5 million women aged between 15 to 45 years had hysterectomy in the United States of America during 1970-1978 with an annual incidence of 800,000. In 1980 the hysterectomy rate was 7.6 per 1000 women aged 15 to 45 years. This may be achieved through abdominal& vaginal route. Once a proper indication for hysterectomy exists the gynecologist surgeon must decide whether to remove the uterus abdominally or vaginally. In the present study, a total number of 60 patients were analysed in the Begum Khaleda Zia Medical College and Shaeed Shurawardy Hospital, Dhaka. Study period was from May 2007 to December 2007. Among 60 patients, 30 were underwent vaginal hysterectomy and another 30 patients were underwent abdominal hysterectomy. Selection was done on randomly using different colored card in sealed envelop. The patients were cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, leiomyoma of uterus less than 12 weeks size of pregnancy, and adenomyosis. Diagnosis was made by clinical examination and ultrasonography. A comparative study was made between vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy in terms of operative time, blood loss during operation, per operative and post-operative complication, costs of operation and post-operative hospital stay. All these information was obtained by using the same data collection instrument for each case. Then the data analysis was done by using appropriate tests in the SPSS software package. Mean age and parity of patients in both groups were more or less similar. In both groups size of uterus was bulky in most cases. Indication of operation in abdominal hysterectomy was DUB (13.3%), fibroid<12 weeks of pg (60%) and adenomyosis (26.7%). In case of vaginal hysterectomy both DUB and fibroid uterus<12 weeks were (46.7%) and adenomyosis (13.3%). All the patients were given spinal anesthesia. Percentage of patients having adnexcetomy was lower as prophylactic oophorectomy was done less frequently during vaginal hysterectomy. Operative time was less in vaginal hysterectomy and difference was significant (p<.003). Per operative blood loss and immediate post-operative pain were significantly lower in vaginal hysterectomy group. Costs of operation and hospital stay after operation were less in vaginal hysterectomy group and the difference was highly significant by using appropriate tests. Number of suture materials needed for operation was less in vaginal hysterectomy. The difference in per operative complication was not significant but those of post-operative complication were significant. So by comparing the above advantages of vaginal hysterectomy over abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy should be the first choice when one considers a hysterectomy.

Background: A rare head and neck tumor that makes up about 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasms is the nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. They are benign, non-encapsulated, highly vascular tumors with a high incidence of persistence and recurrence from a histological standpoint, but they are also locally invasive tumors. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by the Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery division at Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, and Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital in Dhaka. The study was conducted from February through November of 2012. The total sample size for the study was 30. Result: The majority of individuals (54%) who have nasopharyngeal angiofibroma are between the ages of 16 and 20. The middle class people (40%) are more sufferers from nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. People living in rural area (53.33%) are more sufferers from nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The majority of patients have similar symptoms such epistaxis, nasal blockage, nasal discharge, anemia, and masses in the nasal cavity. Conclusion: It is hypothesized that the affected patients' socioeconomic status and geographic location may have an impact on the biologic behavior of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Introduction: Scabies is a common contagious parasitic dermatosis. Transmission of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis generally occurs by skin-to-skin contact, but with crusted scabies it may also occur through fomites, such as infected clothing or bedding. Diagnosis is usually clinical. Objective: To find out prevalence and life cycle in patients with scabies infection. Materials and Methods: Scope and Delimitation of the Study. This study focused the management of scabies. This study was conducted among the OPD patients in Kumudini Women’s Medical College Hospital, Tangail, Bangladesh and BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was conducted from July 2021 to August 2022. The diagnoses of scabies of the potential respondents were based on the set criteria. Only those diagnose clinically with scabies were included in this study. There were no scraping procedures (acarus test) done to confirm the diagnosis of scabies. Other skin diseases aside from scabies were not included in the study. Results: In our study 110 scabies patients it appears that maximum population affected with Scabies infection were aged between 0-6 years (16.3%) and 7-12 years (20.9%) and minimum were between 43-48 years (prevalence 3.6%) and 49-54 years (prevalence 3.6%). The highest prevalence 13.63% in female were in the 7-12 years and lowest prevalence 0.95% in 49-54 years. The highest prevalence 6.36% in male were in the 7-12 years and lowest prevalence 0.95% in 25-30 years and 31-36 years. November (29.09%), December and January (34.54%) show the highest prevalence in scabies infection. In Bangladesh, this three months represent a winter season. On the other hand, July to October represent almost hot condition. So from my result, it is concluded that scabies infection is more prevalent in winter than summer. Scabies infection is not serious problem for our country because the highest prevalence 50% of severity of scabies infection limited with in Moderate (second stage of classical scabies infection) category. Classical scabies is more active in Bangladesh; on the other hand crusted scabies is limited person in Bangladesh. Conclusion: Scabies is more common where overcrowded conditions prevail; it can affect any individual irrespective of social status, personal hygiene, profession, gender, age or ethic origin. These include increased number of household members, presence of other family members with scabies, overcrowding, poverty and low educational attainment. Children (l-12 yrs.) have the highest incidence of scabies as compared to the other age group.

Background: Maternal nutritional status is important for health and quality of life in women and growing fetus. Maternal weight gain in pregnancy can offer a good means of assessing the wellbeing of the pregnant mother and her baby. Inadequate prenatal weight gain is a significant risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery and low birth weight in infants. Obesity and excessive weight gain on the other hand can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Interestingly, to get a good fetomaternal perinatal outcome mode of delivery decision is also changed with BMI. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of maternal BMI on the mode of delivery. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. A total 100 population of purposive sampling was the methods of choice to select the sample from the hospital admitted patients during the period from August 2016 to December 2017. Results: The mean age of 100 mothers were 28.4 (± 6.2) years. The maximum mothers attended from 3rd trimester were overweight (55.36%) whereas 44.64% from the same trimester were normal BMI mothers. Maximum mothers (27%) were from 25-29 years age group and the minimum mothers (4%) were from >= 40 years. Forty Seven Percent mothers came as primigravida. Primigravid women and multigravida with LSCS and without LSCS showed different mode of deliveries. The more the gravida with history of caesarean section the more frequency of present occasion of CS (p=0.006). The higher BMI showed more frequency of caesarean section than NVD or assisted delivery (p=<0.00001) Multiparous women showed more BMI than the p nulliparous. (p=0.005). Multiparity, maternal age and pre-existing medical conditions revealed more complicated labor. Conclusion: The more BMI of mother showed more frequency of caesarean section, assisted delivery than the normal vaginal delivery.