GAJRC |Volume-5-Issue-05

Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences

Volume-5-Issue-05

Sept. 9, 2023

Acid-Base Status & Electrolyte Imbalance in Critically ill Ventilated Infants

Dr. Johora Akter, Prof. Dr. M Monir Hossain, Dr. Abdullah Al Mamun
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 214-219
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.001

Sept. 21, 2023

Portal Hypertension in Children at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Marjan P, Karim ASMB, Rukunuzzaman M, Das SR, Mondal M, Sarker N, Akther H, Chowdhury AS
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 220-225
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.002

Background: Portal hypertension is the hemodynamic abnormality frequently associated with serious liver disease, although it is recognized in a variety of extrahepatic diseases also. Portal hypertension is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Bangladeshi children. Development of esophageal varices and bleeding is one of the major complications of CLD. The mortality from each episode of variceal bleeding is 30-50% depending on the clinical status of the patient. All conditions that interfere with blood flow at any level within the portal system can lead to portal hypertension. For better management of this disorder, it is important to determine the underlying cause. Objective: To assess the portal hypertension in children at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, BSMMU during the period Jan 2018 to July 2019. 50 patients who were diagnosed as portal hypertension were determined by Upper GI Endoscopy. Doppler USG was also done for supporting the diagnosis of Portal HTN as well as to differentiate between extrahepatic Portal HTN and CLD with portal HTN. Demographic data and other related information regarding etiology and complications were recorded in a standard datasheet. Results: Results: A total of 50 cases were included in this study. Their age range was 1.5-16 years. It was observed that 21 (42.0%) patients belonged to age group 6-10 years. The mean age was 9.22±9.85 years with ranged from 2.5 to 16 years. It was observed that almost two third 31 (62.0%) patients were male and 19 (38.0%) were female. Among 50 patients 29 were diagnosed as extrahepatic portal hypertension and 21 were diagnosed as CLD with portal HTN. Shows the etiology of portal hypertension of studied patients. Extrahepatic portal hypertension was the most common etiology (58.0%). Among CLD patients Wilson disease was the most common (13; 26.0%). Two (4.0%) patients were cryptogenic CLD and two (4.0%) were Budd Chiari Syndrome. One patient was Biliary cirrhosis and one patient had Auto immune hepatitis. Conclusion: We concluded that Extrahepatic Portal HTN is the most common cause of portal hypertension in children in this center. Among the intrahepatic causes of portal HTN Wilson disease was the most commonest.

Oct. 5, 2023

Correlation of In-Hospital Outcome with Myocardial Performance Index and Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with First Attack of ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Md. Sharif Hasan, Anupam Kanti Thakur, Haripada Roy, Abu Md. Towab, A. K. M Fazlul Kader
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 226-234
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.003

Introduction: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a leading cause of cardiovascular death and thus accounts for a high burden on health care services worldwide. Traditionally, assessment of left ventricular systolic function is concentrated on measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) which is load dependent and sensitive to the preload and after-load. However, myocardial performance index (MPI) demonstrates supremacy over older established indexes. Objective: The purpose of the study is to correlate in-hospital outcome with myocardial performance index (MPI) and left ventricular systolic function in first attack of ST elevated myocardial infarction. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Dpt. Of Cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January to December 2022. Total 120 patients inflicted with first attack of ST elevated myocardial infarction were included considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample population was divided into three groups: Group–I: Patients with mild LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF: 45- 54%), Group–II: Patients with moderate LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF: 35-44%) & Group–III: Patients with severe LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF: <35%). Then In-hospital outcome, LVEF and MPI values were correlated. Results: In this study 120 patients were enrolled. The mean age of the study group was 54.47±11.65, among them male were 105 (87.5%) & female were 15 (12.5%). 81 (54.7%) were hypertensive, 70 (47.3%) were diabetic, 27 (18.2%) having positive family history of CAD, 81 (54.7%) are current smoker, 99 (66.9%) dyslipidaemic & 15 (10.1%) were asthmatic. The mean Troponin-I & NT- Pro BNP levels were 20.57±10.73 & 183.02±29 respectively. The mean LVEF of the groups were: 47.30±3.08, 36.17±1.51 & 25.00±6.05 respectively. The mean MPI of the groups were: 0.32±0.15, 0.45±0.05 & 0.75±0.18 which were statistically significant. Analysis showed that patients with highest level of MPI had severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF <35%) with worse in-hospital outcome and vice versa-the patients with the lowest levels of MPI had better systolic function (LVEF ≥ 45%) & in-hospital outcome. Conclusion: The research team was able to conclude that left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial performance index were significantly correlated with each other & in-hospital outcome; more severe function, more the myocardial performance index with worse in-hospital outcome.

Oct. 5, 2023

A Study of Dialysis's Impact on the Mental Health of Renal Patients in Bangladesh

Majedul Hoque, Md Mahabur Rahman, Md Nasir Uddin, Iftear Kazim Rafi, Ahamadunnabi Mondol, Sayef Nawab, Annesha Sanyal Hia
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 235-240
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.004

Oct. 5, 2023

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Mahbuba Akhter, Sabiha Shimul, Mahbuba Khanum, Rina Haider
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 241-244
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.005

Oct. 19, 2023

Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Fatal Head Injuries in an Autopsy

Faizunnahar, Iasmin Akter, Mohammad Kykobad Hossain, Mohammad Khaled Iqbal, Samia Afsana Islam
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 245-250
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.006

Introduction: Head injury is a significant public health problem worldwide. Traumatic head injury is a leading cause of death and disability in children and adults in their most productive years. The morbidity and mortality due to head injury is on the rise and is one of the prime importance in today’s medical practice. Objective: To assess the clinico-epidemiological study of fatal head injuries in an autopsy. Methods: The present study was conducted of the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2022. Total 250 patients included in this present study. We selected only fatal head injury cases due to mechanical violence. However, we included severe facial injury cases too as these cases were associated with head injury. But, the present study doesn’t involve crushed head injury or survived cases, referred or LAMA cases brought in the hospital. Results: Maximum cases were seen in the age range of 21-30yrs, 57 cases (22.8%). Maximum cases were seen amongst males, 196 cases, 78.4%. The commonest causes of fatal head injuries are Road Traffic Accident (RTA) cases. Other important causes of fatal head injuries are fall from height, assault & railway accidents. External head injuries were mainly seen on frontal and parietal regions. Amongst the scalp injuries lacerations were very common seen in 114 cases, 36.19%. Skull bone fractures were frequently seen in fatal head injury cases. Presence of skull bone fractures are associated more frequently with fatal complications. Though linear fractures are common in general we observed the comminuted fractures as the commonest type of skull fractures in fatal head injury cases, seen in 73 cases, (58.4%). Depressed fractures were less common in fatal cases. Involvement of cranial fssa was seen in 108 cases. Linear type of fractures both transverse and horizontal type was more common seen in 66 coases amongst the 108 cases of cranial fossa involvement i.e. 61.11%. Involvement of middle cranial fossa was high seen in 45 cases of the 108 cases i.e. (41.66%). Presence of comminuted skull bone fractures is associated with higher rate of mortality. Conclusion: Most of the cases were due to road traffic c accidents and males are more prone to get Head injury. Other important causes of fatal head injuries are fall from height, railway accidents and assaults in descending order. To reduce the morbidity and mortality it’s high time for the concerned authority to take appropriate actions.

Oct. 19, 2023

Comparison of in Hospital Complications and Mortality between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Admitted with Acute Anterior MI

Md. Suhail Alam, Md. Shahabuddin, Md. Abdul Mukid, Farzana Tazin, Tafhema Tarin, Partha Sarathi Roy Chowdhury
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 251-255
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.007

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Objective: To see the comparison in hospital complications and mortality between diabetic and non-diabetic patients of acute anterior MI. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet over a period of two years from July 2015 to June 2017. A total of 100 acute anterior MI patients (50 diabetic and 50 non diabetic) were included in this study. Acute anterior MI patients admitted after 6 hours of symptom onset or who did not receive streptokinase were excluded. Results: Male predominance was obvious in both groups [40 (80%) versus 42 (84%); p>0.05] in diabetic and non-diabetic group respectively. Mean age was 53.34 ± 11.32 and 54.84 ± 14.12 years in diabetic and non-diabetic groups respectively. Dyslipidemia [6 (12%) versus 6 (12%); p >0.05], Smoking [32 (64%) versus 34 (68%); p >0.05] and Family history of cardiovascular disease [6 (12%) versus 4 (8%); p >0.05] were similar among diabetic and non-diabetic respectively. Hypertension was found more among non-diabetic [27 (54%) versus 19 (38%); p>0.05] but difference was not statistically significant. Diabetic group had more acute MR [2 (4%) versus 0 (0%); p>0.05] but was not significant. Death was more in diabetic group than that of non-diabetic group [7 (14%) versus 3 (6%); p>0.05] but it was statistically not significant. Conclusion: Post MI angina was higher in diabetic than non-diabetic patients. Mechanical complications were also more in diabetic patients. However rate of reinfarction was higher among non-diabetic than that in diabetic patients. Mortality rate was higher in diabetic than that in non-diabetic patients. So, it may be concluded from the present study that in-hospital complications and mortality of acute anterior myocardial infarction are comparatively more in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients.

Oct. 20, 2023

Measuring the Level of Work Related Stress among Nurses in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Study

Chukwu Chinenye Chituru Chichi
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 256-263
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.008

Oct. 25, 2023

Association of Coronary Artery Disease with Hypertension, Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Dr. A.Z.M Ahsan Ullah, Dr. Md. Liakat Hossain, Dr. Mohammad Mizanur Rahman, Dr. Md. Haidar Ali, Dr. Md. Rashedul Hasan
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2023; 5(5): 264-270
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i05.009

Top Editors

Dr Akhtar Ali
Associate Editorial Board
MBBS, MD (Pharmacology) Senior Medical Officer District Hospital Baran, District- Baran (Rajasthan) 325205, India Email: drakhtar06@gmail.com

Dr Hozifa Mohammed Ali
Associate Editorial Board
Teaching Assistant, Department of Surgery, Alzaeim Al azhari University, Khartoum, Sudan Email: hozifa.m.ali@gmail.com

Dr. Tej Nath Nepal
Associate Editorial Board
Chie Medical Officer, Gedu Hospital, Ministry of Health, Royal Government of Bhutan Email: tnnepal@health.gov.bt

Dr. M. Shabnum
Associate Editorial Board
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore-524003, Andhra Pradesh, India Email: shabnummusaddiq@gmail.com

Dr Anslem Ajugwo
Associate Editorial Board
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University Nigeria E-mail:slemjugwo@yahoo.com

Dr. Devika Singh
Associate Editorial Board
Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India Email: devsika@yahoo.co.in

Dr. Nkporbu A.K. (AmbP)
Associate Editorial Board
Consultant Neuropsychiatrist/Mental Health Physician, Dept. of Neuropsychiatry/Mental Health, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Email: nakpigi2008@yahoo.com

Dr. Serkan Yazici
Associate Editorial Board
Dermatology and Venereology, Uludag University School of Medicine, Özlüce, Görükle Kampüsü, 16059 Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey Email: serkanyazici@uludag.edu.tr

Dr. Anil Gowtham Manivannan
Executive Editor
Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Arathana Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India Email: anilthambu91@yahoo.com

Tariq Dhiyab Al-Saadi
Deputy Chief-Editor
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital- McGill University, Montreal, Canada Email: t.dhiyab@hotmail.com

Mohammed Ahamed Ahamed Abuelnour
Editor-in-Chief
Assistant Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dar-Al Uloom University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Email: abuelnour88@yahoo.com

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