Introduction: The co-occurrence of diabetes and COVID-19 infection poses a significant medical challenge due to the increased risk of serious complications. Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, exacerbates these risks because of the systemic inflammation it causes and the direct and indirect effects of the virus on the cardiovascular system. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore cardiovascular risks in diabetic patients testing positive for COVID-19 in Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo. Methods: We recruited a total of 206 participants for this study. Biomarkers were quantified from blood samples and sars cov-2 virus was identified using the PCR technique on nasopharyngeal swabs. Results: Analysis of our data shows that the following biological parameters are evidence of cardiovascular complications ESR: OR 1.91(1.84-1.97) p<0.001 DDI: OR 1.01(1.01-1.01) p<0.001, APTT: OR 1.67(1.33-2.09) p<0.001, TG/hdl: OR 1.78(1.48-2.13) p<0.001, CK-MB: OR 1.37(1.17-1.59) p<0.001. There was also a strong correlation between AIP and TG (r =0.86, p<0.001) and inversely with HDL (r= -0.56, p<0.0001). A strong association between AC with LDL (r=0.79, p<0.001) and TC (r=0.68, p<0.001). A strong inverse linear correlation of CRR with HDL (r= -0.79, p<0.001) and positive with TC (r=0.53, p<0.001). A strong correlation coefficient of between CPI with HDL (r=0.69, p<0.001) and negative with CT (r= -0.46, p<0.001) and, an inverse relationship with HbA1c(r= -0.22). Conclusion: The results of our study show that COVID-19 in T2DM can cause cardiovascular complications or deterioration of coexisting cardiovascular disease by direct or indirect mechanisms.
Dr. Shayla Shahadat, Dr. Dilruba Afrose Mili, Dr. Tofayel Uddin Ahmed, Dr. Nayem Sultana Suny, Dr. Shakila Taskin, Dr. Sadia Rubana Nila
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2025; 7(1): 8-12
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2025.v07i01.002
Background: Assessing the nutritional status of young children, especially those under age five, is vital for tackling acute malnutrition and enhancing health outcomes. The 24-hour dietary recall gives a detailed view of what a child eats, aiding in identifying nutritional gaps and dietary habits. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess and compare the nutritional status of under-five tribal and non-tribal children with acute malnutrition using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Methods: This comparative observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics Community Based Medical College Bangladesh from September 2023 to September 2024. The study enrolled 40 children under five years, divided into 10 tribal (Group A) and 30 non-tribal (Group B) participants, selected purposively. The 24-hour dietary recall method assessed their nutritional status. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0 programs. Results: For stunting, mild stunting occurred in 40% of Group A and 33% of Group B, moderate in 20% and 47%, and severe in 40% and 20%, respectively (p=0.333). For wasting, mild wasting affected 60% of Group A and 70% of Group B, with moderate wasting at 40% and 30%, and no severe cases in either group (p=0.173). For underweight, mild underweight was 80% in both groups, moderate was 10% in Group A and 17% in Group B, and severe was 10% and 3%, respectively (p=0.104). Differences were not statistically significant. Group B consumed more dairy, legumes, eggs, meat, fish, and fruits, and had higher energy (65%) and protein intake. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in stunting, wasting, or underweight status between tribal and non-tribal under-five children. However, non-tribal children consume more dairy products, legumes, eggs, meat, fish, and various fruits, leading to higher energy and protein intake compared to tribal children.
Bassey Immaculata E, Bassey Emmanuel E, Harmony Ibezim, Elusoji Christiana I, Okutepa Toyin E, Aragua David E, Anwuli Emina, Nwafor Amuchechukwu V, Osuagwu Chidubem P, Ifemenam Emeka V, Onyema Malachy
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2025; 7(1): 13-26
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2025.v07i01.003
Vaccination is crucial for disease prevention, particularly in rural Nigeria, where access to healthcare is limited. This study examines the challenges to immunization programs, the impact of government policies and local health systems, and the effectiveness of control measures. Key challenges include logistical issues, such as inadequate health facilities, storage for vaccines, and equipment, as well as socio-cultural barriers like lack of knowledge, traditional beliefs, myths, and rumors. Government policies and health systems play a significant role in immunization efforts but are often hindered by resource shortages and inconsistent implementation. Effective strategies, such as mobile vaccination units, community health education, and integrating immunization with other health services, have shown promise in improving vaccination coverage. However, concerns about the sustainability of these interventions highlight the need for systemic strengthening, including community involvement and a reliable vaccine supply chain. This study emphasizes the importance of coordinated efforts by government, healthcare providers, and community leaders to address both structural and cultural barriers. Achieving 100% immunization coverage in rural areas requires inter-sectoral strategies that address social determinants of health. By tackling these underlying factors, sustainable improvements in immunization programs can be ensured, ultimately reducing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases in hard-to-reach rural areas.
Introduction: Temporal odontogenic cellulitis is a rare condition, typically secondary to dental infections, dental extractions, or dental trauma. Case Report: A 41-year-old patient with no significant medical history was referred to the emergency department of the maxillofacial surgery service for a painful, fluctuating, soft temporo-jugal swelling with trismus, following a dental abscess associated with a decayed tooth (48). The treatment, guided by imaging, included surgical drainage through a transoral approach, compressive bandaging, and a multi-antibiotic regimen for several days. Discussion: This case report highlights the insidious progression of this rare and often overlooked condition. Diagnosis is based on a detailed maxillofacial examination, a CT scan, and/or an MRI to assess the extent of the lesions. Early intervention is crucial, as the condition can threaten life. Management involves surgical drainage of the collection and appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Hussein Yousif Sinjari
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2025; 7(1): 33-38
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2025.v07i01.005
Background and Objectives: Hypertension (HTN) is among the major health problems worldwide, despite this, many studies have shown that the control of high blood pressure (BP) is inadequate. This study aims to obtain insight into this issue and to assess to which extent an optimal BP can be achieved in Erbil, Iraq (a low-middle income country). Materials and Methods: This observational prospective study enrolled 200 hypertensive patients who attended the medical consultation room at Hawler Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq from 1st February 2023 to 31st January 2024. Baseline demographic data, comorbidities, and relevant lab investigations were obtained, recorded, and analyzed. All participants underwent office BP measurements on four scheduled visits 1 month apart, and appropriate interventions were done. Results: Out of 200 participants, only 44 (22%) initially had their BP at target, which was increased with intense follow-up and suitable intervention to 47%. The participants with HTN control were more likely to be; of older age, females, practicing active life, nonsmokers, and on single-pill combination therapy with a P value of (0.032, 0.041, 0.043, 0.046, 0.03) respectively. Conclusion: Hypertension control is suboptimal in our population. Intense follow-up and appropriate interventions resulted in better BP control. Older adults, women, nonsmokers, those practicing active life, and those on single-pill combination therapy were more likely to achieve adequate control. Our findings might prompt redesigning the hypertension control program in our region into a more sustainable expandable one.
Ndelafei Divina Lestinère, Ben El Mamoun Ibtissame, Koussay Hattab Mohamed Salah, Bennaoui Yassine, Zakaria Aziz, Mansouri Hattab Nadia
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2025; 7(1): 39-46
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2025.v07i01.006
Minimally invasive surgery has revolutionized the treatment of maxillomandibular disorders, particularly those involving maxillomandibular dysmorphology, offering significantly improved clinical, aesthetic, and psychological outcomes. In a retrospective study including 4 cases of maxillomandibular disharmonies collected from the Maxillofacial and Aesthetic Surgery Department at Mohamed VI University Hospital in Marrakech over a 16-month period from January 2022 to April 2023, we present the effectiveness and advantages of minimally invasive surgery in managing this dysmorphology. Maxillomandibular disharmonies represent a true surgical challenge, and the range of treatments proposed in the literature does not always align with the severity of the dysmorphologies in our context.
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Dr Akhtar Ali
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MBBS, MD (Pharmacology) Senior Medical Officer District Hospital Baran, District- Baran (Rajasthan) 325205, India Email: drakhtar06@gmail.com
Dr Hozifa Mohammed Ali
Associate Editorial Board
Teaching Assistant, Department of Surgery, Alzaeim Al azhari University, Khartoum, Sudan Email: hozifa.m.ali@gmail.com
Dr. Tej Nath Nepal
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Chie Medical Officer, Gedu Hospital, Ministry of Health, Royal Government of Bhutan Email: tnnepal@health.gov.bt
Dr. M. Shabnum
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Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore-524003, Andhra Pradesh, India Email: shabnummusaddiq@gmail.com
Dr Anslem Ajugwo
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Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University Nigeria E-mail:slemjugwo@yahoo.com
Dr. Devika Singh
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Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India Email: devsika@yahoo.co.in
Dr. Nkporbu A.K. (AmbP)
Associate Editorial Board
Consultant Neuropsychiatrist/Mental Health Physician, Dept. of Neuropsychiatry/Mental Health, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Email: nakpigi2008@yahoo.com
Dr. Serkan Yazici
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Dermatology and Venereology, Uludag University School of Medicine, Özlüce, Görükle Kampüsü, 16059 Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey Email: serkanyazici@uludag.edu.tr
Dr. Anil Gowtham Manivannan
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Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Arathana Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India Email: anilthambu91@yahoo.com
Tariq Dhiyab Al-Saadi
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Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital- McGill University, Montreal, Canada Email: t.dhiyab@hotmail.com
Mohammed Ahamed Ahamed Abuelnour
Editor-in-Chief
Assistant Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dar-Al Uloom University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Email: abuelnour88@yahoo.com
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