GAJRC |Volume-3-Issue-04

Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences

Volume-3-Issue-04

July 12, 2021

Gastric and Rectal Metastases of Breast Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Occurring 12 Years after Initial Treatment: Case Report and Literature Review

Gustave Negamiyimana, Justin Bagorane, Nadin Shawar AL Tamimi, Mohamed El Fadli, Rhizlane Belbaraka
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2021; 3(4): 129-132
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2021.v03i04.001

Aug. 5, 2021

Evaluation of the Impact of Bacterial Antigen Detection in CSF in the Diagnosis of Meningitis

Dr. Saukat Ara Begum, Dr. Roushan Iqbal
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2021; 3(4): 133-141
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2021.v03i04.002

Introduction: Bacterial meningitis is a common clinical problem among the infants and children in Bangladesh. Delay in distinguishing bacterial from non-bacterial meningitis may terminate into fatal consequences. Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of bacterial antigen detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnosis of meningitis. Materials & Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Department of IImmunology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic disorders (BIRDEM). Subjects were recruited randomly from the Department of Paediatrics, BSMMU, Department of Paediatric, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) and Paediatric Medicine Unit, Dhaka Shishu (Childern's) Hospital during 1996 to 1997. A total 40 subjects clinically suffering from meningitis were selected randomly with inclusion and exclusion criteria.All data were analyzed by using SPSS program (SPSS for Windows, Release 7.5) and expressed as mean ± SD or in frequency or percentage unless mentioned otherwise. Results: The bacterial antigens were positive only in the bacterial group (Haemophilus influenzae 42.1%, p = 0.001: Streptococcus pneumoniae 21.1%, p = 0.069; Nesseria meningitidis group B/Escherechia coli Kl 5.3%, p=0.645 and Nesseria meningitidis group C 5.3%, p=0.645). For all the three meningitis of bacterial antigen (p = 0.053), multiple regression showed significant relation in age, history of respiratory tract infection, drug history, neurological deficit, total count, CSF cell count, CSF glucose, CSF protein, gram stain and AFB stain, CSF culture and bacterial antigen. Conclusion: Bacterial antigen has positive impact only in Bacterial meningitis in the present study. Detection of bacterial antigen in CSF helps to separate bacterial from tubercular and viral meningitis. In short, bacterial antigen in CSF alongwith biochemical and cytological features of CSF are very much helpful in distinguishing different types of meningitis and their appropriate management.

Aug. 17, 2021

“The Efficacy of Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation of Isotretinoin in Nodulocystic Acne”

Md. Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2021; 3(4): 142-147
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2021.v03i04.003

Introduction: Nodulocystic acne is a severe form of acne which can result in significant damage to the skin with great impact on quality of life. Oral isotretinoin considered to be the best treatment for such cases. Although it has a high rate of success and its efficacy is well established in the treatment of nodulocystic acne, it may occasionally fail to control the disease. Objective: To assess the clinical and biochemical evaluation of the efficacy of isotretinoin in nodulocystic acne. Materials and Methods: The 45 cases for the study were selected from the patients attending Dept. of Dermatology and OPD, Medical College for Women & Hospital (MCW&H), Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period January 2019 December 2019. All patients were evaluated for baseline CBP, blood sugar, LFT (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, serum bilirubin), RFT (blood urea, sr. creatinine), sr. lipid profile (sr. triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL).Ultrasound abdomen and pelvis was done in women to rule out PCOD. Started on 0.5mg/kg per day of isotretinoin in single daily dose after meals. Evaluated every month for a period of 15-20 weeks. Follow up every month for 3 to 4 months. At the end of every month CBP, LFT, RFT, lipid profile were done. Results: Clinical improvement - 43 out of 45 patients 22.22%(10 patients out of the total 45)- flare up of acne, Dryness and fissuring of lips - 88%, xeroderma - 2%, 2%- epistaxis, myalgias- 4%, desquamation of the palms but not soles was observed- 2% patients, 2% - headache. All routine investigations, LFT, lipid profile were repeated after 1 month and after completion of treatment. Transient elevation in serum triglycerides and total cholesterol was seen in some but not significant enough to require stoppage of treatment or anti hyperlipidemic treatment. Follow up was done for a period of 3 months after completion of treatment. Conclusion: Oral isotretinoin appears to have favorable results and the minimal adverse effects in treatment of carefully-selected patients with nodulocystic acne.

Aug. 18, 2021

“Clinical Presentation, Incidence and Types of Roux-En-Y Hepaticojejunostomy versus Hepaticoduodenostomy after Excision of Choledochal Cyst: A Randomized Clinical Trial and Experience”

Laz M A, Ishad KY, Hossain M M, Jafor MA, Alam M M, Hai AHMA, Islam M N
Glob Acad J Med Sci, 2021; 3(4): 148-154
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2021.v03i04.004

Introduction: Choledochal cyst (CC) is a rare congenital malformation of biliary tract. There occurs pathological dilatation of extrahepatic and/or intrahepatic biliary tree. About 85% of cases are reported below 15 years of age. Excision of choledochal cyst is required to relieve biliary obstruction thereby protecting the liver and pancreas as well as to prevent malignancy in long term. But controversy persists in the two existing techniques of biliary reconstruction after cyst excision. Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation, incidence and types of choledochal cyst and our experience in management of these congenital anomalies and compare the advantages and disadvantages between two modalities of biliary reconstruction. Methods: A prospective, controlled, clinical trial was conducted on patients with choledochal cyst in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. They were divided into two groups; Group–A: Patients in whom biliary reconstruction was done by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, Group-B: Biliary reconstruction done by Hepaticoduodenostomy. The two groups were compared in respect to clinical course, types of cyst, surgical difficulties with special emphasis on operating time, postoperative complications. Results: Choledochal cysts accounted for 0.79% of total admissions at our institute. Out of 31 admitted cases, 22 cases were enrolled in the study. The number of patients in group A was 10 and in group B were 12. Abdominal pain was the commonest presenting feature and Type I choledochal cyst was the most common finding. The average duration of surgery was less in group B (1 hour 25 min) than in group a (2 hours and 10 min). Conclusion: Biliary reconstruction by Hepaticoduodenostomy takes significantly less operative time than Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (p<0.05) and needs single anastomosis. It is more anatomical, physiological, and easy to perform and associated with fewer complications.

Top Editors

Dr Akhtar Ali
Associate Editorial Board
MBBS, MD (Pharmacology) Senior Medical Officer District Hospital Baran, District- Baran (Rajasthan) 325205, India Email: drakhtar06@gmail.com

Dr Hozifa Mohammed Ali
Associate Editorial Board
Teaching Assistant, Department of Surgery, Alzaeim Al azhari University, Khartoum, Sudan Email: hozifa.m.ali@gmail.com

Dr. Tej Nath Nepal
Associate Editorial Board
Chie Medical Officer, Gedu Hospital, Ministry of Health, Royal Government of Bhutan Email: tnnepal@health.gov.bt

Dr. M. Shabnum
Associate Editorial Board
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore-524003, Andhra Pradesh, India Email: shabnummusaddiq@gmail.com

Dr Anslem Ajugwo
Associate Editorial Board
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University Nigeria E-mail:slemjugwo@yahoo.com

Dr. Devika Singh
Associate Editorial Board
Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India Email: devsika@yahoo.co.in

Dr. Nkporbu A.K. (AmbP)
Associate Editorial Board
Consultant Neuropsychiatrist/Mental Health Physician, Dept. of Neuropsychiatry/Mental Health, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Email: nakpigi2008@yahoo.com

Dr. Serkan Yazici
Associate Editorial Board
Dermatology and Venereology, Uludag University School of Medicine, Özlüce, Görükle Kampüsü, 16059 Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey Email: serkanyazici@uludag.edu.tr

Dr. Anil Gowtham Manivannan
Executive Editor
Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Arathana Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India Email: anilthambu91@yahoo.com

Tariq Dhiyab Al-Saadi
Deputy Chief-Editor
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital- McGill University, Montreal, Canada Email: t.dhiyab@hotmail.com

Mohammed Ahamed Ahamed Abuelnour
Editor-in-Chief
Assistant Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dar-Al Uloom University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Email: abuelnour88@yahoo.com

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